Case studies are useful resources to demonstrate the application of specific concepts to real-word situations. Their importance was strongly highlighted by stakeholders during widespread consultation undertaken by NCCARF in preparation for the development of CoastAdapt. Case studies will contribute to CoastAdapt by providing practical examples of decisions and actions undertaken by stakeholders (e.g. local and state government, NRM groups, businesses and industries) in their effort to adapt to changing climate conditions in the coastal zone, illustrating lessons learned, effective strategies and potential pitfalls. At present, there are 49 case studies, addressing every topic covered in CoastAdapt. Although most illustrate adaptation initiatives in Australia, five international examples have been included. Analysis of case study content suggests that, rather than describing action for adaptation, most case studies are examples of adaptation planning processes, including the identification of vulnerabilities and potential adaptation options, and the assessment of those options. The monitoring and evaluation component for adaptation actions is therefore non existent. Clearly, barriers exist that prevent planning transitioning into action, but the precise nature of these barriers is unclear. The presentation will provide some exploratory thoughts on potential barriers to action.