Displacement of daytime and night-time hot spots in Adelaide CBD by traffic and other contributing factors and its implication (2837)
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a common phenomenon produced by anthropogenic activities and intense urban development that increases local temperature. Therefore, the understanding of contributing factors is important to mitigate the UHI. Within the Adelaide UHI, there is an observable displacement in hot spots between day and night. This research aims to investigate the influencing factors for this displacement in summer and winter conditions and focus on the traffic density as an important factor. Parameters of temperature, albedo, sky-view factor, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and average daily traffic volume were generated into rasters overlaying the CBD. A regression model was performed using these raster layers for both area and point observational data. Results indicate that hot spots at night correlate with areas of low sky view factor and taller buildings (p≤0.001). During the day, hot spots correlate with areas of greater traffic density (p≤0.001) which is therefore exacerbated where sky view factor is greater and taller buildings are either absent or spread. Thence, we conclude that to mitigate or reduce the hot spots within Adelaide CBD, many suggestions can be put forward. These include increased vegetation coverage along roads to prevent accumulation of heat over impervious surfaces and increase vegetative cooling effects during daytime, where anthropogenic activity is at its peak; restrictions on vehicle circulation and/or enhancement on public transport means and their trajectories; allocation of vegetation covering urban building roofs; and organizational distribution of taller buildings amidst other buildings depending on their elevation.